Helmet Laws in the 50 States and Canada

The debate about motorcycle helmets will never be settled, but in at least 23 of the United States and all 10 Canadian provinces, the debate is rhetorical – helmet use is mandated by law.

I understand the opposition that some folks have to helmet laws. For many of us, motorcycling represents freedom, and any law that forces a rider to purchase and use safety equipment is perceived as an infringement on that freedom. Submitting to the first infringement invites further restrictions – and eventually, motorcycling itself could be legislated out of existence. I don’t agree with this view, but I understand it.

My personal stance is about me and my passengers. I live in Michigan, where helmet use is optional for riders over the age of 20, with certain conditions. I wear a full-face helmet every time I ride, and I insist that any passenger on my motorcycle does the same. If anyone asks my advice about helmets, I firmly recommend buying and using the best helmet they can afford. But if I encounter someone who chooses to ride without a helmet, I don’t judge or shun them. I do worry about them, and wonder about their sanity – but I would never support taking away their right to ride the way they want to.

Do you know the laws in your state? Review this comprehensive table from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety you’re your state’s helmet laws.

As you can see, all but three states (Illinois, Iowa and New Hampshire) have some kind of motorcycle helmet law on the books. Many target younger riders under the age of 21, and some only apply to motorcyclists on bikes over 50 cc or capable of speeds above 30 mph. My home state has one of the most complex laws, requiring helmet use for riders unless they carry $20,000 of medical insurance and have had their motorcycle license endorsement for over two years. Be sure to check the notes for your state, too, if you’re planning to go lidless.

If you’re heading out on a road trip that will cross state lines, this table can be a handy resource as well. Don’t assume that just because you see other riders on the road without helmets that they’re obeying local laws. When traveling to Canada, be sure that your helmet is a DOT, SNELL and/or ECE certified (most quality full-face helmets sold in the US have at least DOT certification). Your passenger will need a certified helmet, too.

Better yet – wear a quality full-face helmet every time you ride. Forget about the laws, and protect your noggin.